ABD- Al SAMI' Ibn-Mohammad-Ali- YAZDI is one of the Lettered, jurists & poets of 13th century (A.H) that has done valuable services to the Arabic Language and literature like so many other Iranian. So far, there are only a few biographical books in which he has been mentioned or introduced. Unfortunately he has been forgotten during the passage of time. Most of his writings are in Arabic and their subject is Arabic syntax. One of his most important writings is Al- Orwat Al-Wothqa poem which is in hundred and ten verses. Although this literary canon is unknown, but there exist three descriptions on it among the manuscripts. These descriptions reveal its importance. This paper will introduce this Iranian scientist and its canon and correct the manuscript.

ABD- Al - Rahman Munif Jordanian novelist great. In writing Arabic novels which deal with the status of contemporary Arab man and analyze political social, and psychological issues that surrounded an Arab man /As hearty to pinpoint where the problem lie so that they could be address apld an Arab man could be lited up. His novels "middle -east" and meny other gain popularity, they where translated into English, French, and Russian. This article intended to analyze "middle - east" which is one of his famous political in Arab world. Then the main subjecduel in this novel is man and what he is facing and suffering from political imprisonment, tutor. In the particular geoyerhical erree the writer described as "middle -east" we tried in this article to analyze "Middle - east" through its artistic set, so that we can discover its arrlislic level. We presented the summary of novel its basical points in analysis. Hope, we have achieved and conducted the right presentation to the "Middle - east" novel asit deserve.

Second chapters of the books, Jami 'al-alhan, Maqasid al-alhan and Sharh-i adwar that are all important compilations dealing with music have written by 'Abd al-Qadir Maraghi appropriates to fretting the string instruments. Maraghi has mentioned various methods, which are mainly based on Safi aI-Din Urmawi's views, for determining the ratio between the notes, yet he has also contributed several novel points himself. In this paper, attempt has been made to express and analyze Maraghi's ideas through his own treatises, mainly autographs.

The expansion of Shiite activities in Iraq and its development through Sunni nomads is one of the main issues involved Ottoman governors in the second half of the nineteenth century, during the reign of Abd al-Hamid II. (1876-1909). Numerous real or unreal reports about the political and cultural risks of these activities were sent by officials of Baghdad to Bab-i Ali in Istanbul, forced the central government to take precautionary policies. Iraq's adjacency to Iran, as the only Shiite political competing power against Ottoman Empire with its strategic geopolitical importance, made the problems of Iraqi Shiites more complicated. Islamic Union, as Abd al-Hamid's main internal and foreign policy, and also the presence of a variety of religious minorities like Shiites living within the borders of Ottoman Empire, were other factors that increased these complexities. The dimensions of Shiite activities development and the nature of Ottoman policies and their results are going to be analyzed in this paper, based on historical documentary sources, especially on the Ottoman archive.

   Jamāl - Dīn 'Abd al-Razzāq is a major poet of the 'Arāqī school who lived most of his life in Isfahan in the 6th century A.H./12-13th century C.E. These were turbulent times, with the never-ending clashes of the Houses of Seljuk and Kā razmšāh ī, and the continuous strife between Sunni and Shi'i Muslims. Jamāl was a prolific poet, and Dr. Ma'dankan goes over his divan (containing some 10,000 couplets, edited by Vahīd Dastgerdī, and published in Tehran in 1320 A.H.S./1941) to highlight the events of Jamāl's life, as documented by his own poetry.

Nizam al-Din ‘Abd al-Baqi YAZDI (deceased in 920) was a prominent figure during the formation of the Ṣafavid state, having held the positions of prime minister (Ṣedārat) and deputy (vekalat Nafs Nafīs Homāyūn) of the royal court under Shah Ismāʿīl. He was ultimately killed in the procession of the aforementioned king at the Battle of Chaldiran by the forces of Sultan Selim of the Ottoman. This research aims to elucidate the historical reasons and contexts that led to his proximity to Shah Ismāʿīl and his elevation within the religious and political structures of the prime ministry (Ṣedārat) and deputy (vekalat), relying on primary sources from this period, including some newly discovered documents, through a descriptive-analytical approach. The studies and findings of this research indicate that ‘Abd al-Baqi's religious and mystical personality within the Ni'matullāhī Order, along with his collaboration and interaction with Shah Ismāʿīl from the early years of his conquests against political and religious opponents, were significant factors in ‘Abd al-Baqi's influential role in the structures and transformations of that era.

With the advancement of artificial intelligence and the proliferation of autonomous interactions among intelligent systems, inter-AI contracts have emerged as a novel domain within cyber law. The primary research question of this study is how existing legal frameworks can govern contracts between AI systems and what challenges arise regarding liability, legal validity, and enforcement of these contracts. The significance of this topic lies in the fact that AI-AI interactions may create legal obligations without direct human intervention, rendering traditional laws insufficient to address emerging needs. The objective of this article is to provide a legal analysis of inter-AI contracts and to examine the capacity of emerging cyber law principles to address this phenomenon. The research method is descriptive–analytical, based on documentary study, including the review of existing laws, international instruments, and hypothetical inter-AI contract examples. The results indicate that while traditional concepts of contracts and legal responsibility offer preliminary adaptability to AI-AI interactions, legal gaps and the lack of clarity in defining machine intent and obligations necessitate the development of novel frameworks and specific cyber law regulations. The innovation of this study lies in presenting a combined analysis of contract law and emerging cyber law concepts for inter-AI interactions and proposing legal criteria for validating and ensuring the enforceability of such contracts. The findings can guide the formulation of comprehensive regulations and legal safeguards for autonomous intelligent interactions.

Resistance against western hegemony, neo-colonialism and exploitation is one of the issues contemporary Arab poets have dealt with. This especially since Arab nations encountered with this evil phenomenon affecting them politically, socially and culturally. Consequently, some poets were exiled or imprisoned for resisting colonization and underwent much hardship. Mahmud Sami al-Barudi is one such poet who was exiled to Sarandib for 17 years which are conspicuously reflected in his poetry, diction and style. Barudi’s poetry is idiosyncratically heroic and epical. Multiplicity and diversity of his poetry are so remarkable that one can consider his melancholically nostalgic patriotic poems dividing them into two independent exile and political genres. In the nostalgic poems of al-Barudi, he is committed to pure and sincere emotions, which like a common line, links his poems together. Lengthy, organic unity, thematic variety, sincerity, repetition and fluency are some of characteristics of Barudi's poetry. The current study tries to examine these poems through content analysis.

Overlaying the old pavement with new surfacing material is one of the commonly used methods for rehabilitating deteriorated pavements. The existing cracks in the old pavement propagate through the newly laid overlay and reach the free surface in due course of time. This phenomenon is referred to as reflection cracking. In general, using of stress absorbing membrane interlayer (SAMI) is one of the methods to control reflective ceacking. The main aim of this study is the evaluation of performance of SAMI in high stress level. The SAMIs in this study made by porous asphalt and Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) and paved between the old asphalt pavement and new surfacing layer. To do so, first test specimens made up of 2 and 3 layers which respectively were without and with SAMI. Afterwards to investigate the performance of SAMIs, dynamic creep test and specific fracture test by new geometry carried out. The fracture test able to simulate/model reflective growth in mixed modes I/III of fracture mechanism. The findings of study indicated that using this type of SAMIs reduce the fatigue life and cannot able to retard reflective cracking. Also, using SAMIs result in deformation increase.